UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE AMONG CHILDREN AND POTENTIAL RISKS: A REVIEW STUDY
Keywords:
Social Medias Usage, Parental Mediation, Online Risks, Well-being and Development, Children and New MediaAbstract
The advent of social media platforms and the widespread availability of smartphones have significantly affected children's digital engagement. However, alongside social media's numerous benefits and contributions, research also highlights concerns regarding children's online safety. This study is based on reviewing the literature to investigate social media use among children, associated risks, and parental mediation as a potential source of these risks. The reviewed literature revealed that social media use has become a part of children's everyday lives. However, this technology usage among children can lead to exposure to age-inappropriate content, which can have adverse psychological and physical impacts. The cited literature underlines the significant role of parental mediation, which involves parents providing guidance and supervision to ensure the healthy development of their children. Understanding the relationship between parental mediation and children's exposure to online threats is important for ensuring cybersecurity and promoting safer child development. It is concluded that parents should understand the various purposes of social media, remain aware of potential risks, implement effective parental mediation strategies, tailor approaches to individual children, and promote collaboration and digital literacy education. As central figures in children's lives, parents can play a pivotal role in supporting children to navigate the digital world of social media safely. Further, practical implications are discussed, and limitations are also highlighted.
References
Abbasi, N. A., & Huang, D. (2020). Digital Media Literacy: Social Media Use for News Consumption among Teenagers in Pakistan. https://www.globalmediajournal.com/open-access/digital-media-literacy-social-media-use-for-news-consumption-among-teenagers-in-pakistan.php?aid=87981
ActforYouth. (2022). Youth Statistics: Internet & Social Media. http://actforyouth.net/adolescence/demographics/internet.cfm
Ali, S., & Pasha, S. A. (2022). A Systematic Review of the Technology Enabled Child Sexual Abuse (OCSA) & its Impacts. Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues, 25(5S), 1–20.
Ali, S., Youssef, E., & Haykal, H. A. (2021). Child Sexual Abuse and the Internet—A Systematic Review | SpringerLink. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42087-021-00228-9
Aljasir, S. A., & Alsebaei, M. O. (2022). Cyberbullying and cybervictimization on digital media platforms: The role of demographic variables and parental mediation strategies. Palgrave Communications, 9(1), 1–9.
Aziz, F., & Amin, S. (2022). Social Media is a Blessing or Curse: Impact of Social Media Usage on Students’ Education. 9(1). https://doi.org/10.52587/jesar.09.01.09
Bayraktar, F. (2017). Çevrimiçi Riskler ve Ebeveyn Aracılık Stratejileri: Türkiye’de ve Avrupa’da Yaşayan Türk Kökenli Çocuk/Ergenlerin Karşılaştırılması. EĞİTİM VE BİLİM, 42(190). https://doi.org/10.15390/EB.2017.6323
Caivano, O., Leduc, K., & Talwar, V. (2020). When you think you know: The effectiveness of restrictive mediation on parental awareness of cyberbullying experiences among children and adolescents. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2020-1-2
Froment, F., González, A. J. G., & Bohórquez, M. R. (2017). The Use of Social Networks as a Communication Tool between Teachers and Students: A Literature Review. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 16(4).
Garmendia, M., Garitaonandia, C., Martínez, G., & Casado, M. Á. (2012). The effectiveness of parental mediation. In S. Livingstone & L. Haddon (Eds.), Children, risk and safety on the internet (pp. 231–244). Policy Press. https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781847428837.003.0018
González-ortega, E., & Orgaz-baz, B. (2013). Minors ’ exposure to online pornography: Prevalence , motivations , contents and effects.
Habes, M., Pasha, S. A., Ali, S., Elareshi, M., Ziani, A., & Bashir, B. A. (2023). Technology-Enhanced Learning Acceptance in Pakistani Primary Education. In A. M. A. Musleh Al-Sartawi, A. Razzaque, & M. M. Kamal (Eds.), From the Internet of Things to the Internet of Ideas: The Role of Artificial Intelligence (pp. 53–61). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17746-0_5
Habes, M., Salloum, S. A., & Alghizzawi, M. (2018). The role of modern media technology in improving collaborative learning of students in Jordanian universities. https://journals.sfu.ca/ijitls/index.php/ijitls/article/view/51
Hill, D., Ameenuddin, N., Chassiakos, Y. (Linda) R., Cross, C., Radesky, J., Hutchinson, J., Levine, A., Boyd, R., Mendelson, R., Moreno, M., Swanson, W. S., & MBE. (2016). Media Use in School-Aged Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics, 138(5), e20162592. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-2592
Kaban, A. (2021). Views on the Usage of Social Media Tools in School-Family Communication. International Journal of Technology in Education, 314–330. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijte.118
Laczniak, R. N., Carlson, L., Walker, D., & Brocato, E. D. (2017). Parental Restrictive Mediation and Children’s Violent Video Game Play: The Effectiveness of the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) Rating System. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 36(1), 70–78. https://doi.org/10.1509/jppm.15.071
Lee, S. J. (2013). Parental restrictive mediation of children’s internet use: Effective for what and for whom? - Sook-Jung Lee, 2013. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1461444812452412
Lee, S.-J. (2013). Parental restrictive mediation of children’s internet use: Effective for what and for whom? New Media & Society, 15(4), 466–481. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444812452412
Levine, B. N. (2022). Increasing the Efficacy of Investigations of Online Child Sexual Exploitation.
Livingstone, S., Davidson, P. J., Bryce, D. J., Batool, W. S., Haughton, C., & Nandi, A. (2017). Children’s online activities, risks and safety.
Livingstone, S., Kirwil, L., Ponte, C., & Staksrud, E. (2014). In their own words: What bothers children online? European Journal of Communication, 29(3), 271–288. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323114521045
Livingstone, S., & Ólafsson, K. (2017). Maximizing Opportunities and Minimizing Risks for Children Online: The Role of Digital Skills in Emerging Strategies of Parental Mediation | Journal of Communication | Oxford Academic. https://academic.oup.com/joc/article-abstract/67/1/82/4082453
Livingstone, S., Stoilova, M., & Hopwood, K. (2021). Classifying known and emerging online risks for children: A child practitioners’ perspective. https://core-evidence-eu.s3.amazonaws.com/documents/WP5_online-forum-III_event-report.pdf
Madigan, S., Villani, V., Azzopardi, C., Laut, D., Smith, T., Temple, J. R., Browne, D., & Dimitropoulos, G. (2018). The Prevalence of Unwanted Online Sexual Exposure and Solicitation Among Youth: A Meta-Analysis. The Journal of Adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 63(2), 133–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.03.012
Nash, V., Adler, J. R., Horvath, M. A. H., Livingstone, S., Marston, C., Owen, G., Joanna, R., & Miranda, A. H. (2016). Identifying the routes by which children view pornography online: Implications for future policy-makers seeking to limit viewing. February.
Nelissen, S., & Van den Bulck, J. (2018). When digital natives instruct digital immigrants: Active guidance of parental media use by children and conflict in the family. Information, Communication & Society, 21(3), 375–387. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1281993
O’Neill, B. (2023). The influence of social media on the development of children and young people. https://research4committees.blog/2023/02/15/publication-the-influence-of-social-media-on-the-development-of-children-and-young-people/
Orcid, M. A. H., & Orcid, J. R. (2013). “ Basically ... Porn is everywhere ” A Rapid Evidence Assessment on the.
Peter, J., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2011). The use of sexually explicit internet material and its antecedents: A longitudinal comparison of adolescents and adults. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40(5), 1015–1025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-010-9644-x
Radesky, J., & Hutchinson, J. (2016). Media Use in School-Aged Children and Adolescents | Pediatrics | American Academy of Pediatrics. https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/138/5/e20162592/60321/Media-Use-in-School-Aged-Children-and-Adolescents
Rosen, L. D., Cheever, N. A., & Carrier, L. M. (2008). The association of parenting style and child age with parental limit setting and adolescent MySpace behavior. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 29(6), 459–471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2008.07.005
Savoia, E., Harriman, N. W., Su, M., Cote, T., & Shortland, N. (2021). Adolescents’ Exposure to Online Risks: Gender Disparities and Vulnerabilities Related to Online Behaviors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), 5786. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115786
Shin, W., & Li, B. (2017). Parental mediation of children’s digital technology use in Singapore. Journal of Children and Media, 11(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2016.1203807
Susanty, L., Arifin, A., Darmadi, D., Yuliana, Y., Ismawati, I., & Sofyan, A. T. (2022). CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE’S SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS BENEFITS AND IMPLICATIONS. Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 9(02), Article 02. https://doi.org/10.30868/ei.v9i02.1334
Symons, K., Ponnet, K., & Emmery, K. (2017). A Factorial Validation of Parental Mediation Strategies with Regard to Internet Use. https://www.psychologicabelgica.com/articles/10.5334/pb.372/
UNICEF. (2021). Children at increased risk of harm online during global COVID-19 pandemic. https://www.unicef.org/turkiye/en/press-releases/children-increased-risk-harm-online-during-global-covid-19-pandemic
Wolak, J., Mitchell, K., & Finkelhor, D. (2007). Unwanted and wanted exposure to online pornography in a national sample of youth internet users. Pediatrics, 119(2), 247–257. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1891
Wu, C. S. T., Fowler, C., Lam, W. Y. Y., Wong, H. T., Wong, C. H. M., & Yuen Loke, A. (2014). Parenting approaches and digital technology use of preschool age children in a Chinese community. Italian Journal of Pediatrics, 40(1), 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/1824-7288-40-44
Zhu, C., Huang, S., Evans, R., & Zhang, W. (2021). Cyberbullying Among Adolescents and Children: A Comprehensive Review of the Global Situation, Risk Factors, and Preventive Measures. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 634909. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.634909
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 PAKISTAN ISLAMICUS (An International Journal of Islamic & Social Sciences)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
